Understanding AI

Artificial Intelligence is all around us—helping our phones recognize our voices, suggesting movies we might like, and even assisting doctors in spotting early signs of disease. But for many people, AI still feels mysterious or intimidating. This post breaks AI down into simple, everyday terms so anyone can understand what it is, how it works, and why it matters.

First, let's answer the question, what exactly is AI? In the simplest terms possible, it's when computers perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. A few good examples are recognizing photos, translating languages, and making recommendations. Some examples that you are probably already using include:

• phone assistants such as Siri, Google Assistant
• Spam filters
• Netflix/Amazon recommendations
• GPS navigation and traffic prediction
• Photo apps targeting faces

From these examples you can see that AI is no longer futuristic, it's already familiar to practically everyone. Now, let's dig a little deeper. What are the different types of AI? 

• Narrow AI: does one specific task
• Generative AI: creates text, images, audio, etc.
• Machine learning: a method where computers learn patterns from data
• Neural networks: Loosely inspired by how the human brain works

How does AI "learn" something? There are a few ways. One, by feeding large amounts of data (images, text, recordings...), finding patterns in that data, and making predictions or generating responses based on those patterns and the content of the data. Keep in mind, this is meant to be a simplified explanation of AI. The capabilities of AI are advancing rapidly. One of those capabilities in particular that is quite advanced today, is facial recognition. Facial recognition (FR) has existed since the 1960's. In the 70's to 80's it became automated. In the 90's it went mainstream and in the 2000's commercial use began. Digital cameras and faster computers made FR practical. In the 2010's, AI breakthroughs made it accurate. Deep learning and neural networks revolutionized facial recognition. Systems became good enough for smartphones, social media photo-tagging, and real-time detection. Recognizing and identifying wanted criminals passing through airports isn't just fantasy futuristic fiction for movies any more. It's real. 

Neural networks are a type  of computer system designed to learn patterns, loosely inspired by how the human brain works. They are computer models made up of layers of small units called 'neurons' that work together to recognize patterns in data. They don't 'think' or 'understand' like humans, they simply find patterns and make predictions based on examples they've seen. A simple analogy could be; imagine an assembly line. Layer 1 looks at the raw data, like pixels in an image. Layer 2 identifies simple patterns, like edges and shapes. Layer 3 combines those shapes into meaningful parts, such as eyes or wheels. Layer 4 makes a decision, this is a person, or a car...

Why are they called "neural"? The human brain has neurons connected in networks. The 'neurons in computer 'neural networks' also have neurons, but they are simply math functions, not biological cells.  Think of computerized neural networks as an analogy of the human brain, not a replica. Neural networks 'learn' through a process called training. They look at lots of examples (pictures, text, audio), they make guesses, they get corrected when wrong, they adjust to do better the next time. After countless repetitions they can make accurate predictions. 

Around 2012, bigger datasets and powerful graphics processors made neural networks dramatically better than previous technology. If you haven't noticed, there is a construction booming on for "data centers" worldwide. Unlike distribution centers for goods and services, data centers need not be located near densely populated areas. They are often located in rural, obscure areas. The datasets that these neural networks rely upon have become massive. Never before in the history of mankind has so much information and computing capability been literally, at our fingertips. And it just keeps getting better, every day...

Grade Inflation, what exactly is causing this insidious problem?...

 Time for an apolitical topic to discuss. At least, I'm assuming it's apolitical, I've yet to uncover any evidence to the contrary. It's been in the news of late, and quite an interesting topic. It caught me by surprise anyway. Grade inflation is the trend in which students receive higher grades today than students with the same level of work and intellectual levels would have received in the past. In other words, grades go up, but learning or performance doesn't necessarily increase. 

Grade inflation means that A's and B's become more common and lower grades, like C's and D's become more rare - even though the overall difficulty or quality of student work hasn't changed much. If an "A" used to mean excellent but now it's average, the value of the grade declines. This makes it harder for schools, employers, and graduate programs to distinguish truly exceptional performance. It's notable to clarify: rising grades can reflect better-prepared students or improved teaching. Grade inflation specifically refers to unearned increases. 

This begs the question, why is this happening? There are a number of reasons/possibilities.

• Schools want to keep students happy to protect enrollment numbers, reputations, and evaluations.
• Higher grades will obviously help students get jobs or grad-school placements, which boosts the schools statistics. 
• Professors who give higher grades often receive better course evaluations. 
• Some systems reward universities for high pass rates or short-time to degree. 
• COVID-Era leniency; remote learning policies temporarily relaxed grading, which increased top grades in many universities. Personally, I believe this has had a greater effect than any of the other items mentioned, though they all contribute. 

So, what, if any is the long term negative effect? Or, is there a long term negative effect? There is an intensely profound long term negative effect. First and foremost, grades lose their meaning. It becomes harder to identify the top performers if the average grade is 3.7+. Let's be honest for a moment here. Is  the majority of any one sampling of university students really 3.7+ GPA caliber students? Honestly, no. Let's face it, we're not all super achievers. A 3.7+ overall GPA for a four year degree is, well, maybe not super achiever, but it's undoubtedly high achiever. Not being a high achiever doesn't mean one is not an intelligent, competent, serious student. I have not done the statistical analysis to prove it, but I'm willing to bet that on a valid sampling, a bell curve would show that the majority would fall into the 2.8 to 3.5 GPA range. The 3.7+ group should consist of 5 to 10 percent of the sample. That percentage will, of course vary amongst universities, and would likely be somewhat higher at elite universities whose entrance requirements are obviously more stringent. However, there is growing evidence that 80% of the Harvard class of 2024 received 3.7 or above. 

National databases from the National Center for Educational Statistics and other sources typically report that average GPA's are above a threshold of 3.7. To clarify, GPA scales, weighting rules (e.g. honors/AP course) and other institutional policies vary widely, so a 3.7 at one school may not mean the same as 3.7 at another. 

Times change, and things change with time. But there are some things that shouldn't change. And the standards, significance and meaning of university grades are of the things that should not change. Grades, like any other meaningful, valuable metric in life must be earned. And they should reflect a level of objective performance. If such are not truly earned, then what we'll see is more people reaching their level of incompetency much sooner...

You say you want a revolution, well, you know...

 First, let's bring up a few observations. A CBS News survey found that 51% of a survey sample expected a peaceful transfer of power after the 2024 election. 49% thought the year would end in violence. Surprising? It sure as hell is to me. Seems maybe the events of January 6, 2021 have cast a spell on many. There was plenty of violence in 2024, and it has not abated in 2025. If anything, it's gotten worse. Polling by Politico suggests that Americans are getting accustomed to the threat of political violence. 

Politico has found a majority of Americans believe that the 'assassination culture' will grow and that a high-profile candidate for office will be killed. Just as Charlie Kirk was senselessly killed by a deranged cretin. For the record, most assassinations are committed by deranged cretins, who typically claim some invalid political cause. Truth be told, they themselves don't really know if their political inclinations lie to the left or the right. All they really care about is they didn't agree with what their victim said. 55% of those polled by Politico said political violence will become increasingly common. Most Americans are not aligned with this prospect, but shockingly, nearly a quarter of the poll respondents told Politico that political violence can be justified...

Sorry, I just fell out of my chair, and at my age it took a few moments to get up.  have to make an assumption here, that most of the Politico respondents have some awareness or knowledge of some sort to at least offer a 'valid' opinion. "Political violence can be justified"? It cannot. At no time, anywhere, at any place can it be justified. "Younger Americans were significantly more likely than older ones to say violence can be justified. More than one in three Americans under the age of 45 agreed with that belief." 

So what exactly is leading younger Americans to believe that political violence is justified? According to some sources, almost half of Americans believe America's best days are behind us. Amongst Americans aged 18-24, 55% "agree" that the American dream no longer exists. 52% said that to "make life better in America" we need radical change. The age divide is distinct. Nearly two-thirds of adults aged 24 and younger endorsed radical but unspecified revision to the 'social compact'. Majorities in every age bracket said the same save those over 65. 

I am in no way endorsing Politico's 'polling' but they claim 35% say the US needs a revolution. A view that cuts across party lines, roughly a third of both parties, right and left. It appears that the populist view is now political violence is a revolutionary act. Digging beneath the surface, it would appear that contemporary political violence is more manifested in promoting a political agenda. There seems to be a false presumption that their cynicism is widely shared, when in fact it is not. 

Every generation has its own set of difficulties to overcome, whether they be a result of politics, economics, world affairs or anything else. Life is hard, it was for our ancestors and so it shall be for our great grandchildren. Todays' graduates are struggling with getting good jobs, buying a house, just generally getting a foothold on a good life. Is political violence going to solve, or even improve the situation they face? Or, heaven forbid, assassinate someone you disagree with? Or will it only serve to continue the insanity or perhaps make it worse for themselves and possibly even, their offspring?...

The US and the UK. We now have something miserable in common...

 Immigration has strained Britain to it's breaking point. England is experiencing a virulent sense of frustration that isn't going away anytime soon. Just as we have in America, going back to the beginning of the Biden administration. More than 12 million immigrants were allowed to pass unvetted through our borders during that time. Included in that number were a very large group of violent criminals. Hundreds, perhaps thousands of American lives have been brutally victimized by these violent immigrants. This doesn't even mention the countless lives lost at the hands of these criminals. The Trump administration is doing its level best to rid the country of the vermin, all the while tolerating absurd and often violent protesters impeding the efforts of law enforcement. To Trump's credit, at least the US borders are closed to illegal immigration. England is yet to reach that milestone. 

English citizens are outraged and angry. Justifiably so. London, Manchester and Birmingham are no longer majority English. In 1971, London was 97.7 percent English. By 2021, it is only 36.8 percent English. Manchester was 95.8 percent English in 1971 but only 48.7 precent by 2021. Birmingham was 99.6 percent English in 1951, but only 44.4 percent English in 2021. Astonishing. It gives the phrase "open borders" new meaning...

A former professor of political science at the University of Kent has argued that unless something is done, the British people will become a minority in their own country by 2063. Considering that native birthrates have drastically declined, it's likely that this date will arrive sooner rather than later. The Office for National Statistics reports that in 2023, 37.3 percent of all live births in Britain were to parents "where either one or both were born outside the UK". That number is actually much higher in London. 

The situation has sparked rioting, including outside of hotels housing immigrants. The rioting will likely continue to escalate in reaction to the broad demographic changes, in particular to the Muslim "grooming gangs" and widespread immigrant crime. Non-European immigration began to increase in small levels in 1948 with the passage of the British Nationality Act. Almost immediately, reports of migrant sex crimes began in Bradford, Kent, West Yorkshire, Lancashire, Hartlepool, Faversham, Nelson, Halifax, Oldham and many other locations. Operation Stovewood found that nearly two thirds of convicted grooming gang offenders in Rotherham -62%- were known to be of Pakistani background even though Pakistanis then made up only about four percent of the town's population. 

The increase of non-European immigration to more than a million a year during PM Boris Johnson's term has aggravated the issue. Sustained mass immigration took root as a Tory norm during David Cameron's term. Statistically, Britain has now overtaken Sweden as the rape capital of Europe with 71,227 cases reported in 2024 according to the ONS. 

Another very negative fallout from immigration has been the increased competition in the job market for younger generations. Their opportunities are dwindling and their quality of life is being threatened. In 2024 the unemployment rate for young people (16-24) was 14.2 percent, which is almost three times higher than Germany's. The Institute for Public Policy Research indicated in 2011 that Britain would be 750,000 houses short of housing demand by 2025. This year the Center for Policy Studies has revealed that that number is closer to 6.5 million. 

Britain is multicultural and no longer even close to 'distinctly' British. Like the US, they have allowed far too many to enter the country that not only fail to assimilate but actively destroy long-standing customs, traditions and norms. An arm of the British NHS recently published a defense of first-cousin marriage... There have been countless occurrences of arrests due to saying or publishing on social media the harms to England and the English imposed by foreigners. 

Shameful and failed leadership are to blame. From America, we feel your pain England.