I'm a little hesitant to write about God, for a few reasons. One, I'm not an expert by any means, all I can do is offer my perspective. I've been wanting to do this for some time, because frankly, I think about God a lot. Two, Obviously, there are many religions in the world, each with its own unique interpretation of God. Theologians estimate there are 4,000 to 4,300 'religions' worldwide. This includes:
- Major world religions
- Indigenous and tribal religions
- New religious movements
- Localized folk beliefs
- Revived ancient traditions
Looking at the 'big picture', there are five major world religions:
- Christianity
- Islam
- Hinduism
- Buddhism
- Judaism
I'm not going to mention how many people practice each religion, because I don't think it really matters. Each one of us practices the religion we choose for personal reasons. Numbers are important to win elections, but not to validate religion.
But this is not an analysis of religions. It's a chance to offer some of my thoughts and hopefully, to encourage you to think about your own thoughts about God.
To be fair, not everyone believes there is a God. Roughly 7% of the global population identify as either atheist or agnostic. If you include those who say they are not 'affiliated' with any particular religion, that number increases to around 16%. It's important to note that the 'unaffiliated' population worldwide is increasing. Data as recent as 2020 suggests that the number is about 24%.
Most countries in the world allow for freedom to practice the religion of one's own choosing. Not all do. For the five major religions of the world, each has its own concept of God. They are not all similar by any means.
Hinduism teaches that Brahman is the ultimate, infinite, formless reality; the source of everything. Brahman is not a "god" in the Western sense. It is the essence of all existence.
Buddhism rejects the idea of a creator deity who made the universe or controls human destiny. There is no all-powerful God, there is no God who judges or saves, and there is no need worship a deity. Buddhism focuses on:
- understanding suffering
- ethical living
- meditation and mindfulness
- enlightenment
- understanding the nature of reality (impermanence)
In a word, Buddhism can be described as non-theistic. It is not centered around a god.
Islam definitely has one, single, absolute God; Allah. Allah is not a separate or different deity from the God of Judaism or Christianity. "Allah" is simply the Arabic word for God. Some of the key characteristics of Allah according to Islamic belief are, God is:
- One and indivisible
- The creator of the universe
- All-powerful
- All-knowing
- Merciful and compassionate
- Eternal
- Just and wise
- Not human and not part of creation
In Islam:
- God has no partners
- God has no children
- God is not incarnated as a human
A common misconception about Islam is Muslims do not worship Muhammad. It teaches that Muhammad is a prophet, not divine. God alone deserves worship. And associating partners with God is the greatest sin.
Judaism, of course, also has a singular God. No Trinity, no incarnations, unique, absolute, and alone. The major difference in Judaism from Christianity is the belief in the incarnation.
Now that we've had a look at how the five major religions of the world see 'God', we're going to shift to how Christians see God. Christianity is a cornerstone of western civilization. It, in some way influences practically every facet of life in the western world. Government, society, culture, education, the core values of humanity are based on Christian beliefs.
Now, let's get to the point. Whatever religion one may practice, whatever one's concept of 'God' may be, we must ask ourselves, if God were in our presence, would we recognize him? This question is intended for believers, of course. But if you believe there is a God, and he were in your presence, would you recognize him? Would you know if he were there?
To answer that question, let's look at how some of the greatest thinkers in the history of humanity thought of it. Michelangelo was deeply religious. He attended Mass frequently, prayed daily, and considered his art a form of worship. Late in life, he wrote: "Neither painting nor sculpture will be able to any longer to calm my soul; my only hope now is turning toward God."
Aristotle's God was an eternal, immaterial, unchanging source of all motion in the universe. Aristotle's God did not create the universe, did not intervene in human life, did not perform miracles, and did not answer prayers. The universe, like God, is eternal. Aristotle's view didn't quite fit with Judaism, Christianity, or Islam.
Albert Einstein did not believe in a personal God, but he did believe in a type of divine order behind the universe. He rejected the idea of a God who intervenes, miracles, divine judgment, and prayer effecting events. He said plainly, "I do not believe in a personal God." He did believe the universe showed rational structure, mathematical beauty, and deep order. To Einstein, God is the laws of nature.
Let's take a look at the man who developed the theory of evolution, which is somewhat antithetical to the belief in a single creator of all species, Charles Darwin. Early in his life, Darwin was a conventional Christian who believed that God designed nature, species were created by God, and nature reflected divine purpose. He even studied theology at Cambridge. During his midlife years, as he developed the theory of evolution, several issues challenged his earlier faith. Predation, parasites, disease and cruelty in nature troubled him deeply. He wrote, "I cannot persuade myself that a beneficent and omnipotent God would have created the Ichneumonidae (Darwin wasps) with the express intention of their feeding within the living bodies of caterpillars." The death of his daughter Annie in 1851 devastated him and contributed to his loss of traditional Christian belief. He stated, "I think that generally... an agnostic would be the more correct description my state of mind."
Stephan Hawking, the renowned physicist did not believe in a personal or creator God; he viewed the universe as fully explainable by the laws of physics and considered "God" only a poetic metaphor for the ultimate laws of nature. He once said, "There is no physical evidence of God, but I'm not going to rule it out."
Ultimately, each of us has to do the same as the great thinkers before us, come to our own conclusions. The unavoidable fact is there are limits to human knowledge. Whether there is a God, how, or in what form he may exist, and his role in our lives is up to each of us to determine. If, and when, we come to that conclusion, if God were to present himself to us, say at our doorstep, would you know it was him?...